The Social Security Number (SSN) is a 9-digit personal identifier that is essential for carrying out various procedures in the United States. It not only allows you to work legally, but also to file taxes or access government programs. The Social Security Administration (SSA) issues this number free of charge, but requires applicants to complete a series of steps and submit original documents.
US citizens can apply for one at any time, while certain non-citizens, such as foreign workers, international students or beneficiaries of the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) program, are also eligible as long as they meet the eligibility requirements and have authorization to work.
New requirements for obtaining a Social Security Number after starting the process online
For those who need to apply for a Social Security Number for the first time, the process can be started online through the official SSA portal: However, the process must be completed in person at a local office. Once the application is approved, the card is mailed to the applicant’s address within approximately 14 days. Steps to apply for the SSN for the first time:
- Verify eligibility: the system will ask if you are a citizen or if you meet the necessary conditions to work in the United States.
- Complete the online form: if you are eligible, you will be able to fill out the corresponding application (Form SS-5-SP for Spanish speakers).
- Go to the local office: you will need to bring original documents proving your identity, age and immigration status (if you are not a citizen).
- Receive the card: once approved, the Social Security card will be sent to you by post.
Who can apply for a Social Security Number and why it is essential
Obtaining an SSN is not limited to US citizens. It is also available to those who can prove they have authorization to work, for example:
- International students: if they have permission to work or a valid non-work need.
- Foreign workers: people with work visas or specific authorizations.
- Child citizens: parents can apply for it even at birth, thus facilitating future procedures.
- DACA beneficiaries: those enrolled in Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals are also eligible for an SSN.
- Survivors of domestic violence: in certain cases, the SSA allows you to apply for a new number for security reasons.
Having an SSN makes it possible to access government benefit programs, such as retirement or disability, and facilitates financial life (for example, opening bank accounts or applying for loans). It is also required by many states to apply for a driver’s license or for educational purposes.
Essential documentation and mandatory procedures for the new Social Security card
The Social Security Administration requires that the documents presented are valid and in perfect condition. In general, these are the most common:
- Proof of identity: passport, driver’s license or residence card.
- Proof of age: birth certificate, medical record from a US hospital or passport.
- Proof of immigration status (for non-citizens): work visa, residence card, work permit (I-766) or form I-94, among others.
Below is a summary table showing the most common types of applicants and the documents they usually need:
| Type of Applicant | Required Documents |
|---|---|
| U.S. Citizens | Birth certificate or passport, official ID (driver’s license). |
| Foreign Workers | Work visa, valid passport, Form I-94 or I-766. |
| International Students | F, J, or M visa, Form I-20 or DS-2019, work permit, or sponsor letter. |
| DACA Beneficiaries | Documentation proving the validity of Deferred Action status. |
| Survivors of Domestic Violence | Additional documentation justifying the need for a new number. |
Tips to speed up the process and avoid delays when applying for the SSN
It is essential that all documentation is original or contains the official stamp of the issuing entity. If you submit simple copies, the process will be halted until you provide the originals. In addition, it is advisable to check the expiry date of each document to ensure its validity.
- Make an appointment: before going to the office, check if you need to request an appointment to avoid waiting.
- Consult the checklists: at official web you will find detailed information on specific requirements and forms.
- Review personal data: make sure that your first and last names exactly match those on your identity and immigration status documents.
Did you find this Social Security news interesting? Don’t forget that you can see more articles related to the economy by accessing our specialized section.
